fleet-memory/hindsight-api-slim/hindsight_api/engine/cross_encoder.py
Kagura 84985ee9bc
fix(reranker): use httpx for Cohere Azure endpoints to avoid 404 errors (#790)
When using Azure AI Foundry Cohere rerank endpoints, the Cohere SDK
incorrectly appends /v1/rerank to the base_url, but Azure endpoints
already include the full path (e.g., /models/.../invoke). This causes
double-pathing and 404 errors.

This commit modifies CohereCrossEncoder to detect when base_url is
provided and use httpx directly for custom endpoints, while keeping
the native Cohere SDK for standard API usage. The Azure Cohere API
response format is compatible with the native format.

Fixes #783

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-03-31 17:44:42 +02:00

1351 lines
51 KiB
Python

"""
Cross-encoder abstraction for reranking.
Provides an interface for reranking with different backends.
Configuration via environment variables - see hindsight_api.config for all env var names.
"""
import asyncio
import logging
import os
import warnings
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
import httpx
from ..config import (
DEFAULT_LITELLM_API_BASE,
DEFAULT_RERANKER_COHERE_MODEL,
DEFAULT_RERANKER_FLASHRANK_CACHE_DIR,
DEFAULT_RERANKER_FLASHRANK_MODEL,
DEFAULT_RERANKER_LITELLM_MAX_TOKENS_PER_DOC,
DEFAULT_RERANKER_LITELLM_MODEL,
DEFAULT_RERANKER_LITELLM_SDK_MODEL,
DEFAULT_RERANKER_LOCAL_BATCH_SIZE,
DEFAULT_RERANKER_LOCAL_FORCE_CPU,
DEFAULT_RERANKER_LOCAL_MAX_CONCURRENT,
DEFAULT_RERANKER_LOCAL_MODEL,
DEFAULT_RERANKER_LOCAL_TRUST_REMOTE_CODE,
DEFAULT_RERANKER_PROVIDER,
DEFAULT_RERANKER_TEI_BATCH_SIZE,
DEFAULT_RERANKER_TEI_MAX_CONCURRENT,
DEFAULT_RERANKER_ZEROENTROPY_MODEL,
ENV_RERANKER_COHERE_API_KEY,
ENV_RERANKER_COHERE_MODEL,
ENV_RERANKER_FLASHRANK_CACHE_DIR,
ENV_RERANKER_FLASHRANK_MODEL,
ENV_RERANKER_LITELLM_SDK_API_KEY,
ENV_RERANKER_LOCAL_FORCE_CPU,
ENV_RERANKER_LOCAL_MAX_CONCURRENT,
ENV_RERANKER_LOCAL_MODEL,
ENV_RERANKER_LOCAL_TRUST_REMOTE_CODE,
ENV_RERANKER_PROVIDER,
ENV_RERANKER_TEI_BATCH_SIZE,
ENV_RERANKER_TEI_MAX_CONCURRENT,
ENV_RERANKER_TEI_URL,
ENV_RERANKER_ZEROENTROPY_API_KEY,
)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
class CrossEncoderModel(ABC):
"""
Abstract base class for cross-encoder reranking.
Cross-encoders take query-document pairs and return relevance scores.
"""
@property
@abstractmethod
def provider_name(self) -> str:
"""Return a human-readable name for this provider (e.g., 'local', 'tei')."""
pass
@abstractmethod
async def initialize(self) -> None:
"""
Initialize the cross-encoder model asynchronously.
This should be called during startup to load/connect to the model
and avoid cold start latency on first predict() call.
"""
pass
@abstractmethod
async def predict(self, pairs: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> list[float]:
"""
Score query-document pairs for relevance.
Args:
pairs: List of (query, document) tuples to score
Returns:
List of relevance scores (higher = more relevant)
"""
pass
class LocalSTCrossEncoder(CrossEncoderModel):
"""
Local cross-encoder implementation using SentenceTransformers.
Call initialize() during startup to load the model and avoid cold starts.
Default model is cross-encoder/ms-marco-MiniLM-L-6-v2:
- Fast inference (~80ms for 100 pairs on CPU)
- Small model (80MB)
- Trained for passage re-ranking
Uses a dedicated thread pool to limit concurrent CPU-bound work.
"""
# Shared executor across all instances (one model loaded anyway)
_executor: ThreadPoolExecutor | None = None
_max_concurrent: int = 4 # Limit concurrent CPU-bound reranking calls
def __init__(
self,
model_name: str | None = None,
max_concurrent: int = 4,
force_cpu: bool = False,
trust_remote_code: bool = False,
fp16: bool = False,
bucket_batching: bool = False,
batch_size: int = DEFAULT_RERANKER_LOCAL_BATCH_SIZE,
):
"""
Initialize local SentenceTransformers cross-encoder.
Args:
model_name: Name of the CrossEncoder model to use.
Default: cross-encoder/ms-marco-MiniLM-L-6-v2
max_concurrent: Maximum concurrent reranking calls (default: 2).
Higher values may cause CPU thrashing under load.
force_cpu: Force CPU mode (avoids MPS/XPC issues on macOS in daemon mode).
Default: False
trust_remote_code: Allow loading models with custom code (security risk).
Required for some models like jina-reranker-v2-base-multilingual.
Default: False (disabled for security)
fp16: Use FP16 (half precision) inference. Faster on MPS and CUDA,
may be slower on CPU. Default: False (opt-in via env var).
bucket_batching: Sort pairs by token length before batching to reduce
padding waste. 36-54% speedup, quality-identical.
Default: False (opt-in via env var).
batch_size: Batch size for predict() calls. Optimal values vary by
hardware and model (MPS: 32, CUDA: 128+). Default: 32.
"""
self.model_name = model_name or DEFAULT_RERANKER_LOCAL_MODEL
self.force_cpu = force_cpu
self.trust_remote_code = trust_remote_code
self.fp16 = fp16
self.bucket_batching = bucket_batching
self.batch_size = batch_size
self._model = None
LocalSTCrossEncoder._max_concurrent = max_concurrent
@property
def provider_name(self) -> str:
return "local"
async def initialize(self) -> None:
"""Load the cross-encoder model and initialize the executor."""
if self._model is not None:
return
try:
from sentence_transformers import CrossEncoder
except ImportError:
raise ImportError(
"sentence-transformers is required for LocalSTCrossEncoder. "
"Install it with: pip install sentence-transformers"
)
logger.info(f"Reranker: initializing local provider with model {self.model_name}")
# Determine device based on hardware availability.
# We always set low_cpu_mem_usage=False to prevent lazy loading (meta tensors)
# which can cause issues when accelerate is installed but no GPU is available.
# Note: We do NOT use device_map because CrossEncoder internally calls .to(device)
# after loading, which conflicts with accelerate's device_map handling.
import torch
# Force CPU mode if configured (used in daemon mode to avoid MPS/XPC issues on macOS)
if self.force_cpu:
device = "cpu"
logger.info("Reranker: forcing CPU mode (HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_LOCAL_FORCE_CPU=1)")
else:
# Check for GPU (CUDA) or Apple Silicon (MPS)
# Wrap in try-except to gracefully handle any device detection issues
# (e.g., in CI environments or when PyTorch is built without GPU support)
device = "cpu" # Default to CPU
try:
has_gpu = torch.cuda.is_available() or (
hasattr(torch.backends, "mps") and torch.backends.mps.is_available()
)
if has_gpu:
device = None # Let sentence-transformers auto-detect GPU/MPS
except Exception as e:
logger.warning(f"Failed to detect GPU/MPS, falling back to CPU: {e}")
# Patch transformers 5.x compatibility for models using XLM-RoBERTa
# (e.g., jina-reranker-v2-base-multilingual). transformers 5.x removed
# create_position_ids_from_input_ids as a module-level function; the custom
# code in these models still references it. This monkey-patch restores it.
try:
import transformers.models.xlm_roberta.modeling_xlm_roberta as xlm_module
from transformers.models.xlm_roberta.modeling_xlm_roberta import XLMRobertaEmbeddings
if not hasattr(xlm_module, "create_position_ids_from_input_ids"):
setattr(
xlm_module,
"create_position_ids_from_input_ids",
XLMRobertaEmbeddings.create_position_ids_from_input_ids,
)
logger.info("Reranker: applied transformers 5.x compatibility patch for XLM-RoBERTa")
except Exception:
pass
# Suppress verbose transformers warnings during model loading
# This suppresses the "UNEXPECTED" warnings from CrossEncoder which are harmless
# but look alarming to users (e.g., "embeddings.position_ids | UNEXPECTED")
with warnings.catch_warnings():
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=UserWarning)
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", message=".*was not found in model state dict.*")
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", message=".*UNEXPECTED.*")
# Also suppress transformers library logging temporarily
transformers_logger = logging.getLogger("transformers")
original_level = transformers_logger.level
transformers_logger.setLevel(logging.ERROR)
try:
self._model = CrossEncoder(
self.model_name,
device=device,
model_kwargs={"low_cpu_mem_usage": False},
trust_remote_code=self.trust_remote_code,
)
finally:
# Restore original logging level
transformers_logger.setLevel(original_level)
# FP16 inference: convert model weights to half precision.
# Empirically validated: 27-36% faster on MPS, quality-identical (20/20 overlap).
if self.fp16 and device != "cpu":
self._model.model.half()
logger.info("Reranker: FP16 inference enabled")
# Initialize shared executor (limited workers naturally limits concurrency)
if LocalSTCrossEncoder._executor is None:
LocalSTCrossEncoder._executor = ThreadPoolExecutor(
max_workers=LocalSTCrossEncoder._max_concurrent,
thread_name_prefix="reranker",
)
logger.info(f"Reranker: local provider initialized (max_concurrent={LocalSTCrossEncoder._max_concurrent})")
else:
logger.info("Reranker: local provider initialized (using existing executor)")
def _predict_sync(self, pairs: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> list[float]:
"""Synchronous prediction wrapper for thread pool execution.
Supports two optimizations (controlled via .env):
- bucket_batching: sort pairs by token length to reduce padding waste (36-54% speedup)
- batch_size: explicit batch size for predict() calls (MPS optimal: 32)
"""
import numpy as np
if self.bucket_batching and len(pairs) > 1:
# Sort pairs by approximate token length to create homogeneous batches.
# This eliminates padding waste — short pairs aren't padded to the length
# of the longest pair in the batch. Quality-identical by construction.
lengths = [len(pairs[i][0]) + len(pairs[i][1]) for i in range(len(pairs))]
sorted_indices = sorted(range(len(pairs)), key=lambda i: lengths[i])
sorted_pairs = [pairs[i] for i in sorted_indices]
sorted_scores = self._model.predict(sorted_pairs, batch_size=self.batch_size, show_progress_bar=False)
sorted_scores = sorted_scores.tolist() if hasattr(sorted_scores, "tolist") else list(sorted_scores)
# Restore original order
scores = [0.0] * len(pairs)
for new_pos, orig_idx in enumerate(sorted_indices):
scores[orig_idx] = sorted_scores[new_pos]
return scores
scores = self._model.predict(pairs, batch_size=self.batch_size, show_progress_bar=False)
return scores.tolist() if hasattr(scores, "tolist") else list(scores)
async def predict(self, pairs: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> list[float]:
"""
Score query-document pairs for relevance.
Uses a dedicated thread pool with limited workers to prevent CPU thrashing.
Args:
pairs: List of (query, document) tuples to score
Returns:
List of relevance scores (raw logits from the model)
"""
if self._model is None:
raise RuntimeError("Reranker not initialized. Call initialize() first.")
# Use dedicated executor - limited workers naturally limits concurrency
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
return await loop.run_in_executor(
LocalSTCrossEncoder._executor,
self._predict_sync,
pairs,
)
class RemoteTEICrossEncoder(CrossEncoderModel):
"""
Remote cross-encoder implementation using HuggingFace Text Embeddings Inference (TEI) HTTP API.
TEI supports reranking via the /rerank endpoint.
See: https://github.com/huggingface/text-embeddings-inference
Note: The TEI server must be running a cross-encoder/reranker model.
Requests are made in parallel with configurable batch size and max concurrency (backpressure).
Uses a GLOBAL semaphore to limit concurrent requests across ALL recall operations.
"""
# Global semaphore shared across all instances and calls to prevent thundering herd
_global_semaphore: asyncio.Semaphore | None = None
_global_max_concurrent: int = DEFAULT_RERANKER_TEI_MAX_CONCURRENT
def __init__(
self,
base_url: str,
timeout: float = 30.0,
batch_size: int = DEFAULT_RERANKER_TEI_BATCH_SIZE,
max_concurrent: int = DEFAULT_RERANKER_TEI_MAX_CONCURRENT,
max_retries: int = 3,
retry_delay: float = 0.5,
):
"""
Initialize remote TEI cross-encoder client.
Args:
base_url: Base URL of the TEI server (e.g., "http://localhost:8080")
timeout: Request timeout in seconds (default: 30.0)
batch_size: Maximum batch size for rerank requests (default: 128)
max_concurrent: Maximum concurrent requests for backpressure (default: 8).
This is a GLOBAL limit across all parallel recall operations.
max_retries: Maximum number of retries for failed requests (default: 3)
retry_delay: Initial delay between retries in seconds, doubles each retry (default: 0.5)
"""
self.base_url = base_url.rstrip("/")
self.timeout = timeout
self.batch_size = batch_size
self.max_concurrent = max_concurrent
self.max_retries = max_retries
self.retry_delay = retry_delay
self._async_client: httpx.AsyncClient | None = None
self._model_id: str | None = None
# Update global semaphore if max_concurrent changed
if (
RemoteTEICrossEncoder._global_semaphore is None
or RemoteTEICrossEncoder._global_max_concurrent != max_concurrent
):
RemoteTEICrossEncoder._global_max_concurrent = max_concurrent
RemoteTEICrossEncoder._global_semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(max_concurrent)
@property
def provider_name(self) -> str:
return "tei"
async def _async_request_with_retry(
self,
client: httpx.AsyncClient,
semaphore: asyncio.Semaphore,
method: str,
url: str,
**kwargs,
) -> httpx.Response:
"""Make an async HTTP request with automatic retries on transient errors and semaphore for backpressure."""
last_error = None
delay = self.retry_delay
async with semaphore:
for attempt in range(self.max_retries + 1):
try:
if method == "GET":
response = await client.get(url, **kwargs)
else:
response = await client.post(url, **kwargs)
response.raise_for_status()
return response
except (httpx.ConnectError, httpx.ReadTimeout, httpx.WriteTimeout) as e:
last_error = e
if attempt < self.max_retries:
logger.warning(
f"TEI request failed (attempt {attempt + 1}/{self.max_retries + 1}): {e}. "
f"Retrying in {delay}s..."
)
await asyncio.sleep(delay)
delay *= 2 # Exponential backoff
except httpx.HTTPStatusError as e:
# Retry on 5xx server errors
if e.response.status_code >= 500 and attempt < self.max_retries:
last_error = e
logger.warning(
f"TEI server error (attempt {attempt + 1}/{self.max_retries + 1}): {e}. "
f"Retrying in {delay}s..."
)
await asyncio.sleep(delay)
delay *= 2
else:
raise
raise last_error
async def initialize(self) -> None:
"""Initialize the HTTP client and verify server connectivity."""
if self._async_client is not None:
return
logger.info(
f"Reranker: initializing TEI provider at {self.base_url} "
f"(batch_size={self.batch_size}, max_concurrent={self.max_concurrent})"
)
self._async_client = httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=self.timeout)
# Verify server is reachable and get model info
# Use a temporary semaphore for initialization
init_semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(1)
try:
response = await self._async_request_with_retry(
self._async_client, init_semaphore, "GET", f"{self.base_url}/info"
)
info = response.json()
self._model_id = info.get("model_id", "unknown")
logger.info(f"Reranker: TEI provider initialized (model: {self._model_id})")
except httpx.HTTPError as e:
self._async_client = None
raise RuntimeError(f"Failed to connect to TEI server at {self.base_url}: {e}")
async def _rerank_query_group(
self,
client: httpx.AsyncClient,
semaphore: asyncio.Semaphore,
query: str,
texts: list[str],
) -> list[tuple[int, float]]:
"""Rerank a single query group and return list of (original_index, score) tuples."""
try:
response = await self._async_request_with_retry(
client,
semaphore,
"POST",
f"{self.base_url}/rerank",
json={
"query": query,
"texts": texts,
"return_text": False,
},
)
results = response.json()
# TEI returns results sorted by score descending, with original index
return [(result["index"], result["score"]) for result in results]
except httpx.HTTPError as e:
raise RuntimeError(f"TEI rerank request failed: {e}")
async def _predict_async(self, pairs: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> list[float]:
"""Async implementation of predict that runs requests in parallel with backpressure."""
if not pairs:
return []
# Group all pairs by query
query_groups: dict[str, list[tuple[int, str]]] = {}
for idx, (query, text) in enumerate(pairs):
if query not in query_groups:
query_groups[query] = []
query_groups[query].append((idx, text))
# Split each query group into batches
tasks_info: list[tuple[str, list[int], list[str]]] = [] # (query, indices, texts)
for query, indexed_texts in query_groups.items():
indices = [idx for idx, _ in indexed_texts]
texts = [text for _, text in indexed_texts]
# Split into batches
for i in range(0, len(texts), self.batch_size):
batch_indices = indices[i : i + self.batch_size]
batch_texts = texts[i : i + self.batch_size]
tasks_info.append((query, batch_indices, batch_texts))
# Run all requests in parallel with GLOBAL semaphore for backpressure
# This ensures max_concurrent is respected across ALL parallel recall operations
all_scores = [0.0] * len(pairs)
semaphore = RemoteTEICrossEncoder._global_semaphore
tasks = [
self._rerank_query_group(self._async_client, semaphore, query, texts) for query, _, texts in tasks_info
]
results = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
# Map scores back to original positions
for (_, indices, _), result_scores in zip(tasks_info, results):
for original_idx_in_batch, score in result_scores:
global_idx = indices[original_idx_in_batch]
all_scores[global_idx] = score
return all_scores
async def predict(self, pairs: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> list[float]:
"""
Score query-document pairs using the remote TEI reranker.
Requests are made in parallel with configurable backpressure.
Args:
pairs: List of (query, document) tuples to score
Returns:
List of relevance scores
"""
if self._async_client is None:
raise RuntimeError("Reranker not initialized. Call initialize() first.")
return await self._predict_async(pairs)
class CohereCrossEncoder(CrossEncoderModel):
"""
Cohere cross-encoder implementation using the Cohere Rerank API.
Supports rerank-english-v3.0 and rerank-multilingual-v3.0 models.
"""
def __init__(
self,
api_key: str,
model: str = DEFAULT_RERANKER_COHERE_MODEL,
base_url: str | None = None,
timeout: float = 60.0,
):
"""
Initialize Cohere cross-encoder client.
Args:
api_key: Cohere API key
model: Cohere rerank model name (default: rerank-english-v3.0)
base_url: Custom base URL for Cohere-compatible API (e.g., Azure-hosted endpoint)
timeout: Request timeout in seconds (default: 60.0)
"""
self.api_key = api_key
self.model = model
self.base_url = base_url
self.timeout = timeout
self._client = None
self._httpx_client: httpx.Client | None = None
@property
def provider_name(self) -> str:
return "cohere"
async def initialize(self) -> None:
"""Initialize the Cohere client."""
if self._client is not None or self._httpx_client is not None:
return
base_url_msg = f" at {self.base_url}" if self.base_url else ""
logger.info(f"Reranker: initializing Cohere provider with model {self.model}{base_url_msg}")
if self.base_url:
# For custom endpoints (Azure AI Foundry), use httpx directly to avoid SDK path appending
# Azure endpoints already include the full path (e.g., /models/.../invoke)
self._httpx_client = httpx.Client(
timeout=self.timeout,
headers={
"Authorization": f"Bearer {self.api_key}",
"Content-Type": "application/json",
},
)
logger.info("Reranker: Cohere provider initialized (using httpx for custom endpoint)")
else:
# For native Cohere API, use the official SDK
try:
import cohere
except ImportError:
raise ImportError("cohere is required for CohereCrossEncoder. Install it with: pip install cohere")
self._client = cohere.Client(api_key=self.api_key, timeout=self.timeout)
logger.info("Reranker: Cohere provider initialized")
async def predict(self, pairs: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> list[float]:
"""
Score query-document pairs using the Cohere Rerank API.
Args:
pairs: List of (query, document) tuples to score
Returns:
List of relevance scores
"""
if self._client is None and self._httpx_client is None:
raise RuntimeError("Reranker not initialized. Call initialize() first.")
if not pairs:
return []
# Run sync Cohere API calls in thread pool
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
return await loop.run_in_executor(None, self._predict_sync, pairs)
def _predict_sync(self, pairs: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> list[float]:
"""Synchronous predict implementation for Cohere API."""
# Group pairs by query for efficient batching
# Cohere rerank expects one query with multiple documents
query_groups: dict[str, list[tuple[int, str]]] = {}
for idx, (query, text) in enumerate(pairs):
if query not in query_groups:
query_groups[query] = []
query_groups[query].append((idx, text))
all_scores = [0.0] * len(pairs)
for query, indexed_texts in query_groups.items():
texts = [text for _, text in indexed_texts]
indices = [idx for idx, _ in indexed_texts]
if self._httpx_client:
# Direct HTTP request for custom endpoints (Azure AI Foundry)
response = self._httpx_client.post(
self.base_url,
json={
"model": self.model,
"query": query,
"documents": texts,
"return_documents": False,
},
)
response.raise_for_status()
result = response.json()
# Map scores back to original positions
# Azure Cohere response format: {"results": [{"index": 0, "relevance_score": 0.9}, ...]}
for item in result.get("results", []):
original_idx = item["index"]
score = item["relevance_score"]
all_scores[indices[original_idx]] = score
else:
# Native Cohere SDK for standard API
response = self._client.rerank(
query=query,
documents=texts,
model=self.model,
return_documents=False,
)
# Map scores back to original positions
for result in response.results:
original_idx = result.index
score = result.relevance_score
all_scores[indices[original_idx]] = score
return all_scores
class ZeroEntropyCrossEncoder(CrossEncoderModel):
"""
ZeroEntropy cross-encoder implementation using the ZeroEntropy Rerank API.
Supports zerank-2 (flagship) and zerank-2-small models.
See: https://docs.zeroentropy.dev/models
"""
DEFAULT_BASE_URL = "https://api.zeroentropy.dev"
RERANK_PATH = "/v1/models/rerank"
def __init__(
self,
api_key: str,
model: str = DEFAULT_RERANKER_ZEROENTROPY_MODEL,
base_url: str | None = None,
timeout: float = 60.0,
):
"""
Initialize ZeroEntropy cross-encoder client.
Args:
api_key: ZeroEntropy API key
model: ZeroEntropy rerank model name (default: zerank-2)
base_url: Custom base URL for ZeroEntropy-compatible API (e.g., mock server or proxy)
timeout: Request timeout in seconds (default: 60.0)
"""
self.api_key = api_key
self.model = model
self.base_url = base_url.rstrip("/") if base_url else self.DEFAULT_BASE_URL
self.rerank_url = f"{self.base_url}{self.RERANK_PATH}"
self.timeout = timeout
self._async_client: httpx.AsyncClient | None = None
@property
def provider_name(self) -> str:
return "zeroentropy"
async def initialize(self) -> None:
"""Initialize the async HTTP client."""
if self._async_client is not None:
return
logger.info(f"Reranker: initializing ZeroEntropy provider with model {self.model}")
self._async_client = httpx.AsyncClient(
timeout=self.timeout,
headers={
"Authorization": f"Bearer {self.api_key}",
"Content-Type": "application/json",
},
)
logger.info("Reranker: ZeroEntropy provider initialized")
async def predict(self, pairs: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> list[float]:
"""
Score query-document pairs using the ZeroEntropy Rerank API.
Args:
pairs: List of (query, document) tuples to score
Returns:
List of relevance scores
"""
if self._async_client is None:
raise RuntimeError("Reranker not initialized. Call initialize() first.")
if not pairs:
return []
# Group pairs by query for efficient batching
query_groups: dict[str, list[tuple[int, str]]] = {}
for idx, (query, text) in enumerate(pairs):
if query not in query_groups:
query_groups[query] = []
query_groups[query].append((idx, text))
all_scores = [0.0] * len(pairs)
for query, indexed_texts in query_groups.items():
texts = [text for _, text in indexed_texts]
indices = [idx for idx, _ in indexed_texts]
response = await self._async_client.post(
self.rerank_url,
json={
"model": self.model,
"query": query,
"documents": texts,
"top_n": len(texts),
},
)
response.raise_for_status()
result = response.json()
# Map scores back to original positions
for item in result.get("results", []):
original_idx = item["index"]
score = item["relevance_score"]
all_scores[indices[original_idx]] = score
return all_scores
class RRFPassthroughCrossEncoder(CrossEncoderModel):
"""
Passthrough cross-encoder that preserves RRF scores without neural reranking.
This is useful for:
- Testing retrieval quality without reranking overhead
- Deployments where reranking latency is unacceptable
- Debugging to isolate retrieval vs reranking issues
"""
def __init__(self):
"""Initialize RRF passthrough cross-encoder."""
pass
@property
def provider_name(self) -> str:
return "rrf"
async def initialize(self) -> None:
"""No initialization needed."""
logger.info("Reranker: RRF passthrough provider initialized (neural reranking disabled)")
async def predict(self, pairs: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> list[float]:
"""
Return neutral scores - actual ranking uses RRF scores from retrieval.
Args:
pairs: List of (query, document) tuples (ignored)
Returns:
List of 0.5 scores (neutral, lets RRF scores dominate)
"""
# Return neutral scores so RRF ranking is preserved
return [0.5] * len(pairs)
class FlashRankCrossEncoder(CrossEncoderModel):
"""
FlashRank cross-encoder implementation.
FlashRank is an ultra-lite reranking library that runs on CPU without
requiring PyTorch or Transformers. It's ideal for serverless deployments
with minimal cold-start overhead.
Available models:
- ms-marco-TinyBERT-L-2-v2: Fastest, ~4MB
- ms-marco-MiniLM-L-12-v2: Best quality, ~34MB (default)
- rank-T5-flan: Best zero-shot, ~110MB
- ms-marco-MultiBERT-L-12: Multi-lingual, ~150MB
"""
# Shared executor for CPU-bound reranking
_executor: ThreadPoolExecutor | None = None
_max_concurrent: int = 4
def __init__(
self,
model_name: str | None = None,
cache_dir: str | None = None,
max_length: int = 512,
max_concurrent: int = 4,
):
"""
Initialize FlashRank cross-encoder.
Args:
model_name: FlashRank model name. Default: ms-marco-MiniLM-L-12-v2
cache_dir: Directory to cache downloaded models. Default: system cache
max_length: Maximum sequence length for reranking. Default: 512
max_concurrent: Maximum concurrent reranking calls. Default: 4
"""
self.model_name = model_name or DEFAULT_RERANKER_FLASHRANK_MODEL
self.cache_dir = cache_dir or DEFAULT_RERANKER_FLASHRANK_CACHE_DIR
self.max_length = max_length
self._ranker = None
FlashRankCrossEncoder._max_concurrent = max_concurrent
@property
def provider_name(self) -> str:
return "flashrank"
async def initialize(self) -> None:
"""Load the FlashRank model."""
if self._ranker is not None:
return
try:
from flashrank import Ranker
except ImportError:
raise ImportError("flashrank is required for FlashRankCrossEncoder. Install it with: pip install flashrank")
logger.info(f"Reranker: initializing FlashRank provider with model {self.model_name}")
# Initialize ranker with optional cache directory
ranker_kwargs = {"model_name": self.model_name, "max_length": self.max_length}
if self.cache_dir:
ranker_kwargs["cache_dir"] = self.cache_dir
self._ranker = Ranker(**ranker_kwargs)
# Initialize shared executor
if FlashRankCrossEncoder._executor is None:
FlashRankCrossEncoder._executor = ThreadPoolExecutor(
max_workers=FlashRankCrossEncoder._max_concurrent,
thread_name_prefix="flashrank",
)
logger.info(
f"Reranker: FlashRank provider initialized (max_concurrent={FlashRankCrossEncoder._max_concurrent})"
)
else:
logger.info("Reranker: FlashRank provider initialized (using existing executor)")
def _predict_sync(self, pairs: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> list[float]:
"""Synchronous predict - processes each query group."""
from flashrank import RerankRequest
if not pairs:
return []
# Group pairs by query
query_groups: dict[str, list[tuple[int, str]]] = {}
for idx, (query, text) in enumerate(pairs):
if query not in query_groups:
query_groups[query] = []
query_groups[query].append((idx, text))
all_scores = [0.0] * len(pairs)
for query, indexed_texts in query_groups.items():
# Build passages list for FlashRank
passages = [{"id": i, "text": text} for i, (_, text) in enumerate(indexed_texts)]
global_indices = [idx for idx, _ in indexed_texts]
# Create rerank request
request = RerankRequest(query=query, passages=passages)
results = self._ranker.rerank(request)
# Map scores back to original positions
for result in results:
local_idx = result["id"]
score = result["score"]
global_idx = global_indices[local_idx]
all_scores[global_idx] = score
return all_scores
async def predict(self, pairs: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> list[float]:
"""
Score query-document pairs using FlashRank.
Args:
pairs: List of (query, document) tuples to score
Returns:
List of relevance scores (higher = more relevant)
"""
if self._ranker is None:
raise RuntimeError("Reranker not initialized. Call initialize() first.")
# Run in thread pool to avoid blocking event loop
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
return await loop.run_in_executor(FlashRankCrossEncoder._executor, self._predict_sync, pairs)
def _truncate_to_tokens(text: str, max_tokens: int) -> str:
"""Truncate text to at most max_tokens using the shared tiktoken encoder."""
from .memory_engine import _get_tiktoken_encoding
enc = _get_tiktoken_encoding()
tokens = enc.encode(text)
if len(tokens) <= max_tokens:
return text
return enc.decode(tokens[:max_tokens])
class LiteLLMCrossEncoder(CrossEncoderModel):
"""
LiteLLM cross-encoder implementation using LiteLLM proxy's /rerank endpoint.
LiteLLM provides a unified interface for multiple reranking providers via
the Cohere-compatible /rerank endpoint.
See: https://docs.litellm.ai/docs/rerank
Supported providers via LiteLLM:
- Cohere (rerank-english-v3.0, etc.) - prefix with cohere/
- Together AI - prefix with together_ai/
- Azure AI - prefix with azure_ai/
- Jina AI - prefix with jina_ai/
- AWS Bedrock - prefix with bedrock/
- Voyage AI - prefix with voyage/
"""
def __init__(
self,
api_base: str = DEFAULT_LITELLM_API_BASE,
api_key: str | None = None,
model: str = DEFAULT_RERANKER_LITELLM_MODEL,
timeout: float = 60.0,
max_tokens_per_doc: int | None = DEFAULT_RERANKER_LITELLM_MAX_TOKENS_PER_DOC,
):
"""
Initialize LiteLLM cross-encoder client.
Args:
api_base: Base URL of the LiteLLM proxy (default: http://localhost:4000)
api_key: API key for the LiteLLM proxy (optional, depends on proxy config)
model: Reranking model name (default: cohere/rerank-english-v3.0)
Use provider prefix (e.g., cohere/, together_ai/, voyage/)
timeout: Request timeout in seconds (default: 60.0)
max_tokens_per_doc: If set, truncate each document to this many tokens before
sending to the reranker (uses tiktoken cl100k_base encoding).
Useful for models with small context windows (e.g. 1024 tokens).
"""
self.api_base = api_base.rstrip("/")
self.api_key = api_key
self.model = model
self.timeout = timeout
self.max_tokens_per_doc = max_tokens_per_doc
self._async_client: httpx.AsyncClient | None = None
@property
def provider_name(self) -> str:
return "litellm"
async def initialize(self) -> None:
"""Initialize the async HTTP client."""
if self._async_client is not None:
return
logger.info(f"Reranker: initializing LiteLLM provider at {self.api_base} with model {self.model}")
headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json"}
if self.api_key:
headers["Authorization"] = f"Bearer {self.api_key}"
self._async_client = httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=self.timeout, headers=headers)
logger.info("Reranker: LiteLLM provider initialized")
async def predict(self, pairs: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> list[float]:
"""
Score query-document pairs using the LiteLLM proxy's /rerank endpoint.
Args:
pairs: List of (query, document) tuples to score
Returns:
List of relevance scores
"""
if self._async_client is None:
raise RuntimeError("Reranker not initialized. Call initialize() first.")
if not pairs:
return []
# Group pairs by query (LiteLLM rerank expects one query with multiple documents)
query_groups: dict[str, list[tuple[int, str]]] = {}
for idx, (query, text) in enumerate(pairs):
if query not in query_groups:
query_groups[query] = []
query_groups[query].append((idx, text))
all_scores = [0.0] * len(pairs)
for query, indexed_texts in query_groups.items():
texts = [text for _, text in indexed_texts]
if self.max_tokens_per_doc is not None:
texts = [_truncate_to_tokens(t, self.max_tokens_per_doc) for t in texts]
indices = [idx for idx, _ in indexed_texts]
# LiteLLM /rerank follows Cohere API format
response = await self._async_client.post(
f"{self.api_base}/rerank",
json={
"model": self.model,
"query": query,
"documents": texts,
"top_n": len(texts), # Return all scores
},
)
response.raise_for_status()
result = response.json()
# Map scores back to original positions
# Response format: {"results": [{"index": 0, "relevance_score": 0.9}, ...]}
for item in result.get("results", []):
original_idx = item["index"]
score = item.get("relevance_score", item.get("score", 0.0))
all_scores[indices[original_idx]] = score
return all_scores
class LiteLLMSDKCrossEncoder(CrossEncoderModel):
"""
LiteLLM SDK cross-encoder for direct API integration.
Supports reranking via LiteLLM SDK without requiring a proxy server.
Supported providers: Cohere, DeepInfra, Together AI, HuggingFace, Jina AI, Voyage AI, AWS Bedrock.
Example model names:
- cohere/rerank-english-v3.0
- deepinfra/Qwen3-reranker-8B
- together_ai/Salesforce/Llama-Rank-V1
- huggingface/BAAI/bge-reranker-v2-m3
"""
def __init__(
self,
api_key: str,
model: str = DEFAULT_RERANKER_LITELLM_SDK_MODEL,
api_base: str | None = None,
timeout: float = 60.0,
max_tokens_per_doc: int | None = DEFAULT_RERANKER_LITELLM_MAX_TOKENS_PER_DOC,
):
"""
Initialize LiteLLM SDK cross-encoder client.
Args:
api_key: API key for the reranking provider
model: Model name with provider prefix (e.g., "deepinfra/Qwen3-reranker-8B")
api_base: Custom base URL for API (optional)
timeout: Request timeout in seconds (default: 60.0)
max_tokens_per_doc: If set, truncate each document to this many tokens before
sending to the reranker (uses tiktoken cl100k_base encoding).
Useful for models with small context windows (e.g. 1024 tokens).
"""
self.api_key = api_key
self.model = model
self.api_base = api_base
self.timeout = timeout
self.max_tokens_per_doc = max_tokens_per_doc
self._initialized = False
self._litellm = None # Will be set during initialization
@property
def provider_name(self) -> str:
return "litellm-sdk"
async def initialize(self) -> None:
"""Initialize the LiteLLM SDK client."""
if self._initialized:
return
try:
import litellm
self._litellm = litellm # Store reference
except ImportError:
raise ImportError("litellm is required for LiteLLMSDKCrossEncoder. Install it with: pip install litellm")
api_base_msg = f" at {self.api_base}" if self.api_base else ""
logger.info(f"Reranker: initializing LiteLLM SDK provider with model {self.model}{api_base_msg}")
self._initialized = True
logger.info("Reranker: LiteLLM SDK provider initialized")
async def predict(self, pairs: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> list[float]:
"""
Score query-document pairs using the LiteLLM SDK.
Args:
pairs: List of (query, document) tuples to score
Returns:
List of relevance scores
"""
if not self._initialized:
raise RuntimeError("Reranker not initialized. Call initialize() first.")
if not pairs:
return []
# Group pairs by query for efficient batching
# LiteLLM rerank expects one query with multiple documents
query_groups: dict[str, list[tuple[int, str]]] = {}
for idx, (query, text) in enumerate(pairs):
if query not in query_groups:
query_groups[query] = []
query_groups[query].append((idx, text))
all_scores = [0.0] * len(pairs)
for query, indexed_texts in query_groups.items():
texts = [text for _, text in indexed_texts]
if self.max_tokens_per_doc is not None:
texts = [_truncate_to_tokens(t, self.max_tokens_per_doc) for t in texts]
indices = [idx for idx, _ in indexed_texts]
# Build kwargs for rerank call
rerank_kwargs = {
"model": self.model,
"query": query,
"documents": texts,
"api_key": self.api_key,
}
if self.api_base:
rerank_kwargs["api_base"] = self.api_base
response = await self._litellm.arerank(**rerank_kwargs)
# Map scores back to original positions
# Response format: RerankResponse with results list
# Each result is a TypedDict with "index" and "relevance_score"
if hasattr(response, "results") and response.results:
for result in response.results:
# Results are TypedDicts, use dict-style access
original_idx = result["index"]
score = result.get("relevance_score", result.get("score", 0.0))
all_scores[indices[original_idx]] = score
elif isinstance(response, list):
# Direct list of scores (unlikely but defensive)
for i, score in enumerate(response):
all_scores[indices[i]] = score
else:
logger.warning(f"Unexpected response format from LiteLLM rerank: {type(response)}")
return all_scores
class JinaMLXCrossEncoder(CrossEncoderModel):
"""
Jina Reranker v3 MLX implementation for Apple Silicon.
Uses jinaai/jina-reranker-v3-mlx — a 0.6B parameter multilingual listwise reranker
optimized for Apple Silicon via the MLX framework. No transformers/PyTorch dependency.
The model is downloaded automatically from HuggingFace Hub on first use.
Requires: mlx>=0.31.0, mlx-lm>=0.31.1, safetensors>=0.6.2
"""
HF_REPO_ID = "jinaai/jina-reranker-v3-mlx"
def __init__(self, model_path: str | None = None):
"""
Args:
model_path: Local path to the downloaded model directory.
If None, the model is downloaded from HuggingFace Hub.
"""
self.model_path = model_path
self._reranker = None
@property
def provider_name(self) -> str:
return "jina-mlx"
async def initialize(self) -> None:
if self._reranker is not None:
return
try:
import mlx.core # noqa: F401
import mlx_lm # noqa: F401
except ImportError:
raise ImportError(
"mlx and mlx-lm are required for JinaMLXCrossEncoder. "
"Install with: pip install mlx>=0.31.0 mlx-lm>=0.31.1 safetensors>=0.6.2"
)
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
await loop.run_in_executor(None, self._load_model)
def _load_model(self) -> None:
"""Download (if needed) and load the MLX reranker. Runs in a thread."""
import os
from huggingface_hub import snapshot_download
from .jina_mlx_reranker import MLXReranker
model_path = self.model_path
if model_path is None:
logger.info(f"Reranker: downloading {self.HF_REPO_ID} from HuggingFace Hub...")
model_path = snapshot_download(repo_id=self.HF_REPO_ID)
logger.info(f"Reranker: loading jina-reranker-v3-mlx from {model_path}")
self._reranker = MLXReranker(
model_path=model_path,
projector_path=os.path.join(model_path, "projector.safetensors"),
)
logger.info("Reranker: jina-mlx provider initialized")
def _predict_sync(self, pairs: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> list[float]:
"""Score pairs grouped by query. Runs in a thread."""
if not pairs:
return []
query_groups: dict[str, list[tuple[int, str]]] = {}
for idx, (query, doc) in enumerate(pairs):
query_groups.setdefault(query, []).append((idx, doc))
all_scores = [0.0] * len(pairs)
for query, indexed_docs in query_groups.items():
docs = [doc for _, doc in indexed_docs]
indices = [idx for idx, _ in indexed_docs]
results = self._reranker.rerank(query, docs)
for result in results:
original_idx = result["index"]
all_scores[indices[original_idx]] = result["relevance_score"]
return all_scores
async def predict(self, pairs: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> list[float]:
if self._reranker is None:
raise RuntimeError("Reranker not initialized. Call initialize() first.")
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
return await loop.run_in_executor(None, self._predict_sync, pairs)
def create_cross_encoder_from_env() -> CrossEncoderModel:
"""
Create a CrossEncoderModel instance based on configuration.
Reads configuration via get_config() to ensure consistency across the codebase.
Returns:
Configured CrossEncoderModel instance
"""
from ..config import get_config
config = get_config()
provider = config.reranker_provider.lower()
if provider == "tei":
url = config.reranker_tei_url
if not url:
raise ValueError(f"{ENV_RERANKER_TEI_URL} is required when {ENV_RERANKER_PROVIDER} is 'tei'")
return RemoteTEICrossEncoder(
base_url=url,
batch_size=config.reranker_tei_batch_size,
max_concurrent=config.reranker_tei_max_concurrent,
)
elif provider == "local":
return LocalSTCrossEncoder(
model_name=config.reranker_local_model,
max_concurrent=config.reranker_local_max_concurrent,
force_cpu=config.reranker_local_force_cpu,
trust_remote_code=config.reranker_local_trust_remote_code,
fp16=config.reranker_local_fp16,
bucket_batching=config.reranker_local_bucket_batching,
batch_size=config.reranker_local_batch_size,
)
elif provider == "cohere":
api_key = config.reranker_cohere_api_key
if not api_key:
raise ValueError(f"{ENV_RERANKER_COHERE_API_KEY} is required when {ENV_RERANKER_PROVIDER} is 'cohere'")
return CohereCrossEncoder(
api_key=api_key,
model=config.reranker_cohere_model,
base_url=config.reranker_cohere_base_url,
)
elif provider == "flashrank":
model = os.environ.get(ENV_RERANKER_FLASHRANK_MODEL, DEFAULT_RERANKER_FLASHRANK_MODEL)
cache_dir = os.environ.get(ENV_RERANKER_FLASHRANK_CACHE_DIR, DEFAULT_RERANKER_FLASHRANK_CACHE_DIR)
return FlashRankCrossEncoder(model_name=model, cache_dir=cache_dir)
elif provider == "litellm":
return LiteLLMCrossEncoder(
api_base=config.reranker_litellm_api_base,
api_key=config.reranker_litellm_api_key,
model=config.reranker_litellm_model,
max_tokens_per_doc=config.reranker_litellm_max_tokens_per_doc,
)
elif provider == "litellm-sdk":
api_key = config.reranker_litellm_sdk_api_key
if not api_key:
raise ValueError(
f"{ENV_RERANKER_LITELLM_SDK_API_KEY} is required when {ENV_RERANKER_PROVIDER} is 'litellm-sdk'"
)
return LiteLLMSDKCrossEncoder(
api_key=api_key,
model=config.reranker_litellm_sdk_model,
api_base=config.reranker_litellm_sdk_api_base,
max_tokens_per_doc=config.reranker_litellm_max_tokens_per_doc,
)
elif provider == "zeroentropy":
api_key = config.reranker_zeroentropy_api_key
if not api_key:
raise ValueError(
f"{ENV_RERANKER_ZEROENTROPY_API_KEY} is required when {ENV_RERANKER_PROVIDER} is 'zeroentropy'"
)
return ZeroEntropyCrossEncoder(
api_key=api_key,
model=config.reranker_zeroentropy_model,
)
elif provider == "rrf":
return RRFPassthroughCrossEncoder()
elif provider == "jina-mlx":
return JinaMLXCrossEncoder()
else:
raise ValueError(
f"Unknown reranker provider: {provider}. Supported: 'local', 'tei', 'cohere', 'zeroentropy', 'flashrank', 'litellm', 'litellm-sdk', 'rrf', 'jina-mlx'"
)